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About India
Background:
The Indus Valley civilization, one of the oldest in the world, goes back at least 5,000 years. Aryan tribes from the northwest invaded about 1500 B.C.; their merger with the earlier inhabitants created classical Indian culture. Arab incursions starting in the 8th century and Turkish in 12th were followed by European traders beginning in the late 15th century. By the 19th century, Britain had assumed political control of virtually all Indian lands. Nonviolent resistance to British colonialism under Mohandas GANDHI and Jawaharlal NEHRU led to independence in 1947. The subcontinent was divided into the secular state of India and the state of Pakistan . |
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Republic of India
Bharat Ganarajya |
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Flag of India |
Emblem |
Location |
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Map of India |
Main attraction Tajmahal |
Motto: Satyameva Jayate
(Sanskrit: Truth Alone Triumphs) |
Anthem: Jana Gana Mana |
Capital |
New Delhi
28°34' N 77°12' E |
Largest city |
Mumbai ( Bombay ) |
Official languages |
Hindi, English, and 21 other languages |
Government
President
Prime Minister |
Federal republic
APJ Abdul Kalam
Manmohan Singh |
Independence
- Declared
- Republic |
From The United Kingdom
1947-08-15
1950-01-26 |
Area
. Total
. Water (%) |
3,287,590 km² (7th)
9.56 |
Population
. 2005 est.
. 2001 census
. Density |
1,080,264,388 (2nd)
1,027,015,247
329/km² (31st) |
GDP (PPP)
. Total
. Per capita |
2005 estimate
$3.334 trillion (4th)
$3,019 (120th) |
Currency |
Rupee (Rs.) 1 ( INR )
1 Re. is singular |
Time zone
. Summer (DST) |
IST (UTC+5:30)
not observed (UTC+5:30) |
Internet TLD |
.in |
Calling code |
+91 |
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From the world's highest mountains, to tropical coasts and desert there is a huge diversity to India's landscape. With a population of one billion the country spans 3.28 million sq metres in space, and is made up of 28 different states, of which New Delhi is the capital.
The Taj Mahal:
Taj mahal is located in the city of Agra in Utter Pradesh, in northern India, is the country's most celebrated attraction and a fine example of Mughal architecture. Built between 1631 and 1648 by the Emporah Shal Jahan to house his beloved wife's tomb the Taj is a work of art of incomparable beauty, and its white marble stone changes colour in different light.
Equally, in northern Karnataka, on the banks of the River Tungabadhra lies the deserted city of Hampi, a world heritage sight and another of India's archaeological highlights. While the Kerala Backwaters, in the south west are also a tourist hot spot. Fed by rivers inland from the Arabian Sea visitors can enjoy being punted along the network of narrow canals in peaceful tranquillity while overhead palms shade the boats from the sun. Sprawling on the banks of the Yamuna River, Delhi is the very heart of India and a mixture of ancient and modern. As well as a major cultural centre it is also the political and administrative centre of the world's largest democracy. Split into two; Old Delhi and New Delhi (the former British capital) the city is fast paced, over populated and very polluted. But these points aside, the fascinating dynasties and rulers which have risen and fallen have left behind many beautiful buildings, gardens and wide tree lined avenues, and illustrate the Mughal's talent and skill for landscaping and architectural magnificence. |
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